9 Built-in functions

colores = ["rojo","azul","morado"]
color_fav = "negroo"

[color for color in colores if len(color)==4]

['rojo', 'azul']

colores.count("rojo")

color_fav.count("o")

color_fav.upper()

'NEGROO'

colores.upper()

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[9], line 1
----> 1 colores.upper()

AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'upper'

https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html

abs?

Signature: abs(x, /)
Docstring: Return the absolute value of the argument.
Type:      builtin_function_or_method

abs(-1)

list(enumerate(colores))

[(0, 'rojo'), (1, 'azul'), (2, 'morado')]

## NO debo hacer esto
for i,color in enumerate(colores):
    print(i,colores[i])

0 rojo
1 azul
2 morado

## Llevar la cuenta
for i,color in enumerate(colores):
    print(i,color)

0 rojo
1 azul
2 morado

len(colores)

colores = [
    ["rojo","azul"],
    ["azul"]
]

personas = [
    "michel",
    "yadira",
    "laura"
]

len(colores)

len(colores[0])

len(colores[1])

len(personas)

zip?

Init signature: zip(self, /, *args, **kwargs)
Docstring:     
zip(*iterables, strict=False) --> Yield tuples until an input is exhausted.
   >>> list(zip('abcdefg', range(3), range(4)))
   [('a', 0, 0), ('b', 1, 1), ('c', 2, 2)]
The zip object yields n-length tuples, where n is the number of iterables
passed as positional arguments to zip().  The i-th element in every tuple
comes from the i-th iterable argument to zip().  This continues until the
shortest argument is exhausted.
If strict is true and one of the arguments is exhausted before the others,
raise a ValueError.
Type:           type
Subclasses:

list(zip(personas,colores))

[('michel', ['rojo', 'azul']), ('yadira', ['azul'])]

for persona_color in zip(personas,colores):
    print(persona_color)

('michel', ['rojo', 'azul'])
('yadira', ['azul'])

[persona_color for persona_color in zip(personas,colores)]

[('michel', ['rojo', 'azul']), ('yadira', ['azul'])]

range?

Init signature: range(self, /, *args, **kwargs)
Docstring:     
range(stop) -> range object
range(start, stop[, step]) -> range object
Return an object that produces a sequence of integers from start (inclusive)
to stop (exclusive) by step.  range(i, j) produces i, i+1, i+2, ..., j-1.
start defaults to 0, and stop is omitted!  range(4) produces 0, 1, 2, 3.
These are exactly the valid indices for a list of 4 elements.
When step is given, it specifies the increment (or decrement).
Type:           type
Subclasses:

range(0,10)

range(0, 10)

for i in range(0,10):
    print(i)

for i in range(0,10,2):
    print(i)

# Mala practica
for i in range(len(colores)):
    print(i)

0
1

for i,color in enumerate(colores):
    print(i)

0
1

for i,_ in enumerate(colores):
    print(i)

0
1

min?

Docstring:
min(iterable, *[, default=obj, key=func]) -> value
min(arg1, arg2, *args, *[, key=func]) -> value
With a single iterable argument, return its smallest item. The
default keyword-only argument specifies an object to return if
the provided iterable is empty.
With two or more arguments, return the smallest argument.
Type:      builtin_function_or_method

min(colores)

['azul']

min(personas)

'laura'

max(colores)

['rojo', 'azul']

max([1,2,4,2000,10])

sum([1,2,4,5])

sum(personas)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[62], line 1
----> 1 sum(personas)

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str'

personas.pop?

Signature: personas.pop(index=-1, /)
Docstring:
Remove and return item at index (default last).
Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
Type:      builtin_function_or_method

dir(__builtin__)

['ArithmeticError',
 'AssertionError',
 'AttributeError',
 'BaseException',
 'BaseExceptionGroup',
 'BlockingIOError',
 'BrokenPipeError',
 'BufferError',
 'BytesWarning',
 'ChildProcessError',
 'ConnectionAbortedError',
 'ConnectionError',
 'ConnectionRefusedError',
 'ConnectionResetError',
 'DeprecationWarning',
 'EOFError',
 'Ellipsis',
 'EncodingWarning',
 'EnvironmentError',
 'Exception',
 'ExceptionGroup',
 'False',
 'FileExistsError',
 'FileNotFoundError',
 'FloatingPointError',
 'FutureWarning',
 'GeneratorExit',
 'IOError',
 'ImportError',
 'ImportWarning',
 'IndentationError',
 'IndexError',
 'InterruptedError',
 'IsADirectoryError',
 'KeyError',
 'KeyboardInterrupt',
 'LookupError',
 'MemoryError',
 'ModuleNotFoundError',
 'NameError',
 'None',
 'NotADirectoryError',
 'NotImplemented',
 'NotImplementedError',
 'OSError',
 'OverflowError',
 'PendingDeprecationWarning',
 'PermissionError',
 'ProcessLookupError',
 'RecursionError',
 'ReferenceError',
 'ResourceWarning',
 'RuntimeError',
 'RuntimeWarning',
 'StopAsyncIteration',
 'StopIteration',
 'SyntaxError',
 'SyntaxWarning',
 'SystemError',
 'SystemExit',
 'TabError',
 'TimeoutError',
 'True',
 'TypeError',
 'UnboundLocalError',
 'UnicodeDecodeError',
 'UnicodeEncodeError',
 'UnicodeError',
 'UnicodeTranslateError',
 'UnicodeWarning',
 'UserWarning',
 'ValueError',
 'Warning',
 'WindowsError',
 'ZeroDivisionError',
 '__IPYTHON__',
 '__build_class__',
 '__debug__',
 '__doc__',
 '__import__',
 '__loader__',
 '__name__',
 '__package__',
 '__spec__',
 'abs',
 'aiter',
 'all',
 'anext',
 'any',
 'ascii',
 'bin',
 'bool',
 'breakpoint',
 'bytearray',
 'bytes',
 'callable',
 'chr',
 'classmethod',
 'compile',
 'complex',
 'copyright',
 'credits',
 'delattr',
 'dict',
 'dir',
 'display',
 'divmod',
 'enumerate',
 'eval',
 'exec',
 'execfile',
 'filter',
 'float',
 'format',
 'frozenset',
 'get_ipython',
 'getattr',
 'globals',
 'hasattr',
 'hash',
 'help',
 'hex',
 'id',
 'input',
 'int',
 'isinstance',
 'issubclass',
 'iter',
 'len',
 'license',
 'list',
 'locals',
 'map',
 'max',
 'memoryview',
 'min',
 'next',
 'object',
 'oct',
 'open',
 'ord',
 'pow',
 'print',
 'property',
 'range',
 'repr',
 'reversed',
 'round',
 'runfile',
 'set',
 'setattr',
 'slice',
 'sorted',
 'staticmethod',
 'str',
 'sum',
 'super',
 'tuple',
 'type',
 'vars',
 'zip']